The U.S. gross national debt has now reached $30.4 trillion, following a massive $7.0 trillion spike since the coronavirus pandemic took hold in March 2020.

Every one of these debt securities had to be purchased and held by an entity such as a bank, a pension fund, a foreign government, or even an individual investor.

So, who exactly is holding $30.4 trillion of Treasury securities? 

Wolf Richter at Wolfstreet.com parsed the data and created a beautiful graph to explain.  In short, while foreign holdings of U.S. Treasuries have declined from 34% in 2016 to just 25% now, both the Federal Reserve and U.S. institutional and individual investors have picked up the slack and expanded their buying.

The Federal Reserve now holds 19% of all government debt. (Chart from wolfstreet.com)

The U.S. gross national debt has now reached $30.4 trillion, following a massive $7.0 trillion spike since the coronavirus pandemic took hold in March 2020.

Every one of these debt securities had to be purchased and held by an entity such as a bank, a pension fund, a foreign government, or even an individual investor.

So, who exactly is holding $30.4 trillion of Treasury securities? 

Wolf Richter at Wolfstreet.com parsed the data and created a beautiful graph to explain.  In short, while foreign holdings of U.S. Treasuries have declined from 34% in 2016 to just 25% now, both the Federal Reserve and U.S. institutional and individual investors have picked up the slack and expanded their buying.

The Federal Reserve now holds 19% of all government debt. (Chart from wolfstreet.com)